Optical multiplexing techniques and their marriage for on-chip and optical fiber communication: a review

Herein, an attention-grabbing and up-to-date review related to major multiplexing techniques is presented which includes wavelength division (WDM), polarization (PDM), space (SDM), mode (MDM) orbital angular momentum (OAMM). Multiplexing a mechanism by multiple signals are combined into shared channel used showcase the maximum capacity of optical links. However, it critical develop hybrid methods allow enhanced numbers. In this review, we have also included such as WDM-PDM, WDM-MDM PDM-MDM. It probable attain N×M channels utilizing N wavelengths M guided-modes simply (de)multiplexers. To best our knowledge, paper one its kind has highlighted most prominent recent signs progress in place.